Akron Microsoft Premier Advisor
Microsoft Dynamics GP Upgrade and Customization Consultants
Microsoft Dynamics GP, originally called Great Plains, has a lengthier history than almost any other ERP solution made for the Windows OS. Microsoft Dynamics GP is a proven, feature-rich application and is one of the most widely used ERP platforms for small and mid-size businesses, with about 50,000 active installations worldwide. Many businesses who have relied on Dynamics GP for years or decades have been able to postpone upgrades and maintenance to the point that they now find themselves using legacy software and rickety network infrastructure. This can be risky. At the same time, a recurring theme we hear from prospective customers is that they have trouble locating veteran Microsoft Dynamics GP experts who can provide guidance on how to upgrade their Dynamics GP ecosystem affordably and extract the maximum benefit from the software.
The more an organization tries to make do with legacy versions of Dynamics GP, the more challenging the upgrade process becomes. When physical host servers or disk systems break down, there may be no suitable devices on the market to use as substitutes. When releases of Microsoft Windows Server used to host Dynamics GP reach end-of-support (EOS) status, vital security patches stop being released. Current editions of Microsoft SQL Server may not be compatible with your important GP customizations. Innovative tools like Microsoft's Power BI may not run. Businesses investigating an update of their Dynamics GP deployment can be intimidated by the number of pieces there are to the project. And the cost quoted for an upgrade may be astronomical.
Dynamics GP Migration and Enhancement Services Offered by Progent
Progent has offered support for Dynamics GP and Great Plains for over two decades, and Progent's seasoned experts have provided high-level and affordable remote integration consulting for Windows-powered environments to businesses in every state in the U.S. By combining deep experience with all editions of Dynamics GP along with top-tier system integration skills, Progent is uniquely suited to help your Akron, Ohio business optimize the benefit of GP.
We partner with our clients and start by listening to their requirements. Once we have an understanding of the IT environment and the areas needing improvement we make our suggestions. Proposed services may involve an upgrade to a newer and supported release of Microsoft Dynamics GP, basic user education, full platform and individual module configuration including 3rd-party products from a broad range of vendors that have written add-ons to Dynamics GP, custom integrations with other key business software used by company, custom report creation, and solution analysis to determine whether GP is being used optimally. Our goal with every Dynamics GP project of whatever size is to maximize business value and control expense.
Progent can assist your Akron, Ohio business in each facet of your Dynamics GP migration or customization process including:
- System Assessment
Review at what features of Dynamics GP you are currently running and propose other features available on the product that may be suitable for your organization. - Upgrade Design and Scheduling
Develop a comprehensive migration plan and timetable that minimizes business disruption. Plan for pilot testing, live deployment, and education. Specify customizations and add-on modules. Anticipate and resolve compatibility issues. - Testing
Design and configure a pilot system for proving the upgrade process. - System Upgrades
Back up databases and dictionaries, eConnect automation, and GP Integration Manager data. eMigrate Dynamics GP to the current release to ensure ongoing support from Microsoft and to make all current features accessible to your business. Update SQL Server and compatibility levels for all databases. Activate services from the Professional Services Tools Library. Condition data and run scripts to address documented issues. - Custom Reporting
Create reports and or dashboards for private as well as external consumption. Deploy SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) and integrate Microsoft Dynamics GP with Microsoft Power BI for self-service reporting and for aggregating data from diverse local and remote repositories. - Training
Provide individual or classroom style training for current and first-time users of Microsoft Dynamics GP. - Support Services
Act as a single point of contact for expertise to deliver dependable and cost-effective handling of problems made possible by familiarity with your particular environment.
Progent can provide the help of seasoned consultants who have been developing working Microsoft Dynamics GP and Great Plains environments since relerase 1. Progent has the skills to do the jobs you need directly rather than managing less knowledgeable consultants or internal IT personnel. Important areas where Progent's consultants can deliver Dynamics GP expertise include:
- Recommendations
Recommend the deployment of modules included with the core GP platform but are not currently being utilized. Also, recommend third-party add-ons written specifically for Dynamics GP to provide capabilities that GP doesn't offer. - Integrations
Build custom connections between Dynamics GP and other strategic applications to reduce redundant data entry and increase consistency. - Customizations
Build major and simple customizations that work with Microsoft Dynamics GP to handle specific business functions that are not handled by standard GP modules or external add-ons.
Progent can help your business to upgrade your network infrastructure to support Dynamics GP for any architecture including local, private or public cloud, or a hybrid environment. Infrastructure services available from Progent include:
- Needs analysis and IT asset inventory
- Network architecture design and deployment (local, cloud-based, or hybrid)
- Setting up firewalls and VPN connections and defining security policies
- Integrating Apple iOS, Android, and Windows mobile devices
- Creating high-availability environments
- Integration with PaaS and IaaS services such as Microsoft 365
- Disaster recovery planning
- Performance tuning
A modern Dynamics GP ecosystem includes multiple application platforms, local network infrastructure technologies, and cloud products combined into a seamless ERP solution. For more than 20 years, Progent's consultants have provided online and on-premises help from Microsoft-certified professionals including Dynamics GP/Great Plains integrators, Windows Server specialists, SQL Server developers, Exchange Server integration consultants, Microsoft Office consultants, and SharePoint integration experts. Progent has supported these products from their initial versions to their current editions, and Progent supports cloud SaaS options by providing Office and Microsoft 365 integration services, Exchange Online integration services, and SharePoint Online deployment and application development expertise.
Progent also has extensive experience providing help from seasoned Cisco CCIE-certified network infrastructure experts, Windows Hyper-V integration experts, and VMware virtual machine consultants. This experience with strategic technologies cuts time and costs when helping organizations through each aspect of upgrading their legacy Microsoft Dynamics GP environment. Progent also offers the skills of advanced security and information assurance experts, business continuity planning experts, application developers, hybrid cloud architecture experts, and database administrators who can assist you to plan, implement, and maintain a modern Microsoft Dynamics GP environment.
Progent's Consulting Expertise for Dynamics GP/Great Plains Enterprise Resource Planning Deployments
To learn more information about Progent's remote and on-premises consulting expertise in Akron, Ohio for Microsoft Dynamics GP/Great Plains Enterprise Resource Planning product family, refer to:
- Dynamics GP Support Services
- Dynamics GP 2015 Consulting Expertise
- MS Dynamics GP/Great Plains Program Features
- Dynamics GP/Great Plains Benefits
- Expert Help with Dynamics GP Reporting
- MS Dynamics GP Custom Software Programming
To download a datasheet about the consulting expertise available from Progent for Dynamics GP/Great Plains software, select
Contact Progent for Dynamics GP/Great Plains Migration Services
If your Akron, OH business needs a Dynamics GP/Great Plains deployment expert or software developer, phone
An index of content::
Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server Upgrade Support Services
Microsoft Exchange Upgrade Computer Consulting
Progent is among the most qualified information technology support companies for creating e-mail systems based on Exchange 2000. Progent specializes in helping small businesses get all the benefits of Microsoft Exchange Server 2000 under common scenarios including upgrading from Microsoft Exchange 5.5, moving from an ISP-managed or POP3 e-mail environment, and using managed services for your Exchange 2000 support.
SentinelOne Ransomware Protection Technology Professional
SentinelOne XDR Consult
Progent is a reseller and consulting firm for SentinelOne's Singularity product family, a subscription-based, cloud-first threat management solution that includes AI software and expert services to deliver cutting-edge endpoint detection and response (EDR).
Immediate ProSight Spam Filtering Consult
Cloud-managed Email Security Engineer
Progent's ProSight Email Guard solution uses the technology of leading data security companies to deliver centralized management and comprehensive protection for all your email traffic. The powerful architecture of Progent's Email Guard integrates cloud-based filtering with an on-premises gateway appliance to offer advanced protection against spam, viruses, Dos Attacks, Directory Harvest Attacks, and other email-borne threats. The cloud filter acts as a first line of defense and keeps most threats from making it to your security perimeter. This decreases your vulnerability to inbound threats and conserves network bandwidth and storage space. ProSight Email Guard's on-premises security gateway appliance provides a deeper layer of analysis for inbound email. For outbound email, the local security gateway provides AV and anti-spam protection, DLP, and email encryption. The local security gateway can also help Exchange Server to track and safeguard internal email that stays within your security perimeter.
ProSight Reporting Infrastructure Management IT Consultant
ProSight Reporting ConnectWise Manage Ticketing Computer Consulting
ProSight Reporting is a growing line of in-depth reporting plug-ins designed to integrate with the industry's top ticketing and network monitoring programs such as ConnectWise Manage, ConnectWise Automate, Customer Thermometer, Auvik, and SentinelOne.
IT Outsourcing Model Whitepaper
White Paper IT Outsourcing Example
Progent's IT outsourcing services offer economical computer support for mid-size companies. Whether it involves designing system architecture, setting up an in-house Help Desk or using an outside one, deploying an updated email system, monitoring your network, or creating an on-line business application, outsourcing your IT engineering services can reduce expenses and eliminate uncertainties, permitting IT service budgets to increase in a more linear and controlled manner than is possible by assembling a large, all-purpose internal IT organization. Progent's Outsourcing White Paper and flyers tell you how Progent can help you create a protected and highly available system architecture for your critical Windows-powered applications such as Windows 2008, Exchange Server, and SQL Server.
Support and Setup Microsoft 365 Exchange Online and on-premises Exchange
Hybrid Microsoft 365 Exchange integration Network Consultant
Microsoft supports transparent hybrid environments that integrate Microsoft 365 and local Exchange systems. This allows you to have specific mailboxes located at your corporate datacenter or private cloud and other mailboxes hosted by Microsoft 365. Progent's Microsoft-certified Exchange consultants can assist you with any facet of designing, implementing and troubleshooting your hybrid Microsoft 365 Exchange Online solution. Progent's Exchange consultants can provide as-needed expertise to help you resolve challenging technical issues and also can provide comprehensive project management outsourcing to make sure your hybrid Microsoft 365 Exchange initiative is carried out on time and within budget.
Juniper Junos J-Web Computer Security
Cybersecurity Group Juniper Junos Configuration
Progent's Juniper Networks-authorized network engineer can help your company to plan and deploy Juniper Firewall and VPN technology, enhance and support your network infrastructure, and upgrade smoothly from outdated devices to the latest releases. Progent's Junos OS consultants can offer expertise with Juniper's premier network control software to enable you to simplify the administration and improve the protection of your Juniper VPN devices and routers. Progent also has extensive background maintaining Juniper's NetScreen OS and ScreenOS operating system platforms and can help organizations maintain environments that include a combination of Juniper's OS platforms.
Custom Software Engineer
Delphi Reports
For custom application creation, Progent can provide programming consultants to write business software in areas such as eCommerce, web site design, Microsoft Dynamics products including Microsoft Dynamics GP, and specialized management reports produced by Crystal Reports, Access Report, or FRx Reports. Progent's experts can use Internet Information Services to build custom eCommerce solutions powered by Microsoft ASP.NET. Also, Progent offers experts in a broad range of custom program development platforms including SQL Server and Delphi. For custom e-Commerce programming, Progent also offers specialists in custom Access, custom Microsoft Visual Basic, custom Excel, and any other specialized programming powered by any Microsoft development platform.
Microsoft System Center 2016 Online Support Services
System Center 2016 Disaster Recovery Computer Consulting
Small to middle size companies can now enjoy all the advantages of Operations Manager 2007 and in addition have fast access to Progent's Microsoft and Cisco Certified network consulting professionals. With Progent's affordably priced IT support programs, small businesses can choose a simple Operations Manager 2007-based co-sourcing package with server monitoring, reporting, Help Desk and remote service or a complete round-the-clock outsourcing package. Progent offers expertise in System Center Operations Manager 2007 to offer small company networks enterprise-class reliability, security, and performance.
Cisco Certified Expert Consulting Shared Network Support Help Desk
Supplemental Call Center Consultant Services
Progent's Standard Help Desk Services provide an end-to-end service desk solution that handles all aspects of online Level 1 desktop technical support from service requests through ticketing, screen sharing, status tracking, problem resolution, and management reports. Support services are offered at a substantial discount off Progent's regular Level 1 desktop service rates, and Progent can provide the option of rapid as-needed escalation to subject matter experts to handle complex issues.
.NET Visual Basic Designer
Design Firms .NET Visual Studio
Progent's software experts have worked for two decades with .NET technologies and the Visual Studio development environment and are able to create or modernize .NET applications rapidly and at low cost.
Emergency Cisco Virtual Private Network Online Support
Remote Troubleshooting Cisco Virtual Private Network
Progent's Cisco Security/VPN professionals and CCIE and CCNP certified experts can help your small or mid-size business deploy and support Cisco's security and Virtual Private Network products including routers, switches, firewalls, intrusion detection systems and VPN access concentrators. Cisco Virtual Private Network products include both remote connectivity and site-to-site VPNs with Cisco IOS Software and Advanced Integrated Module hardware encryption cards, and hardware devices, such as a VPN concentrator, router, Cisco PIX Firewall, or task-specific VPN server for dial-up services. Cisco VPN solutions are simple to manage and provide the flexibility to expand with your growing business needs. Progent's Cisco-Certified network experts are familiar with Cisco's comprehensive family of products targeted at eliminating data theft, virus and worm assaults, Denial of Service attacks, and other security risks to your network. Progent can show you how to integrate Cisco technology to get safe connectivity, intrusion protection, and full Identity services based on Cisco ACS using RADIUS security and TACACS to create a centralized user access control foundation for user authentication, authorization, and tracking from an easy-to-use Web interface.
Microsoft 365 Access Development Consultant
24x7 Integration Support Office 365 Excel Integration
Progent can assist your business to evaluate the many subscription plans available with Microsoft 365, formerly called Office 365, and configure your network with Microsoft 365 in a way that delivers maximum business value. Progent offers expertise with multi-platform environments that include Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems. Progent can also help you to build and maintain hybrid ecosystems that seamlessly combine on-premises and cloud resources.
ISA 2004 Enterprise Edition Server Support Outsourcing
Microsoft ISA Server Remote Support
Progent's certified Internet Security and Acceleration Server consultants have extensive backgrounds developing ISA Server-based security installations for IT networks with many sites, remote users, and line-of-business eCommerce applications. Progent's ISA Firewall consultants are available to help your small business in designing and implementing a configuration of ISA Server 2000 or ISA Server 2004 that meets your network security requirements without adversely restricting your IT system accessibility. Progent's consultants can help you upgrade from Microsoft Proxy Server from Microsoft ISA 2000 to ISA 2006 Enterprise Edition Server or ISA 2006 Standard Edition Server.
Network Management Outsourcing Consultancy
Network Management Outsourcing Engineers
Progent's ProSight family of managed IT services are geared to offer organizations who maintain minimal internal IT administration and support teams with low-cost help from enterprise-class management platforms and technical expertise. Advantages of the ProSight catalog of managed services include fixed IT management expenses, smart automation of routine administrative processes, continual absorption of new information technology, smooth transition from legacy technology to current solutions, close alignment of information technology with strategic objectives, guidance from veteran network experts, and freeing up management to concentrate on business issues instead of ever-changing computer technology.
Tracking Service Costs Remote Consulting
Microsoft and Cisco Authorized Expert Service Database Remote Technical Support
Progent uses a sophisticated support reporting system that records and organizes complete documentation for all billed services. Unlike many freelance consultants or local support organizations who offer scant documentation or specifics of services done, every service delivered by Progent is tracked by comprehensive documentation. Every Progent consultant has use of the support reports transmitted by each staff member to each client. The practice of documenting and organizing service records allows more effective support and eliminates a slew of typical problems such as when a service customer is effectively held hostage to a consultant who refuses to release the keys to the kingdom.
Database DBA Online Technical Support
Database Applications Professional
Progent's Microsoft-certified database developers offer businesses of any size online DBA and programming services for leading database platforms including MS SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft Office Access. Services offered by Progent include software installation and integration, database architecture and coding, administration support, replication and synchronization strategies, capacity planning, tuning, migration, security and compliance, backup and recovery options, problem solving, and webinar training.
Specialist ProSight DPS ECHO Cloud Backup Services
24x7 ProSight ECHO Data Backup and Restore Services Consultancy
ProSight ECHO Data Protection Services from Progent offer small and medium-sized organizations a low-cost and fully managed service for cloud backup/disaster recovery. ProSight DPS automates and monitors your backup activities and enables fast recovery of vital files, applications and virtual machines that have become lost or damaged as a result of hardware failures, software glitches, natural disasters, human error, or malware attacks such as ransomware. ProSight DPS can help you back up, recover and restore files, folders, applications, system images, as well as Microsoft Hyper-V and VMware virtual machine images. Important data can be backed up on the cloud, to an on-premises device, or to both. Progent's BDR specialists can deliver advanced expertise to set up ProSight Data Protection Services to be compliant with regulatory standards like HIPAA, FIRPA, and PCI and, whenever necessary, can help you to restore your critical data.
Monitoring and Reporting IT Consultants
MOM 2007 Integration Support
Progent's Microsoft-certified consulting experts have more than 10 years of background planning, implementing, enhancing and repairing Microsoft SCOM solutions and offer organizations of all sizes expert remote or on-premises consulting services for SCOM 2012. Progent can help you to plan an architecture for SCOM 2012 servers that provides the responsiveness and availability required to monitor your IT resources effectively, whether your infrastructure are onsite, cloud-based, or a mixed environment. Progent can also assist you to install and set up Microsoft SCOM 2012 management packs according to best practices for tracking network infrastructure as well as both Microsoft and third-party apps and services. Also, Progent can deliver responsive online or onsite troubleshooting to help you to remediate serious problems detected by SCOM 2012.
Professionals ProSight Phishing Protection
After Hours Consult Hermes ransomware protection and recovery
ProSight Active Security Monitoring is an endpoint protection (EPP) service that incorporates next generation behavior analysis technology by SentinelOne to guard endpoint devices as well as physical and virtual servers against new malware attacks like ransomware and file-less exploits, which routinely get by legacy signature-based AV products. ProSight Active Security Monitoring protects local and cloud-based resources and provides a single platform to manage the entire malware attack lifecycle including filtering, infiltration detection, mitigation, cleanup, and forensics. Top capabilities include one-click rollback with Windows Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) and real-time system-wide immunization against new attacks.
Office 365 Publisher Integration Support Services
Computer Consultant Microsoft 365 Excel Integration
Progent can assist your business to understand the wealth of subscription options available with Microsoft 365, formerly branded Office 365, and configure your information network with Microsoft 365 so you derive maximum business value. Progent offers expertise with cross-platform networks that include Windows, macOS, and Linux software. Progent can also assist you to create and maintain hybrid networks that transparently combine local and cloud-based products and services.
Wireless Consultant Services
Wireless Network IT Consultant
Progent's wireless professionals can help small companies plan, choose, test, install and support secure building-to-building wireless bridges that integrate transparently into your existing network while offering a degree of security that equals or exceeds wired interfaces. Progent offers experience in wireless LAN/WAN products from Cisco Aironet and Meraki, Proxim, and additional small business wireless providers and can help you select and install the wireless link solutions that match your company requirements.
UNIX Compliance Auditor
Sun Solaris Information Technology Consulting
If your business runs a Solaris network or a multi-OS computer system, Progent's CISM, CISSP and ISSAP-premier security specialists can help your entire enterprise in a broad array of security areas including security administration procedures, security design and strategies, access management products and techniques, software development security, business processes security, hardware security, telecommunications, infrastructure and Internet security, and workplace recovery preparedness. CISM, CISSP and ISSAP define the fundamental skills and international standards of performance that network security managers are required to master. These certification provide IT management the assurance that those who have earned their CISM, CISSP or ISSAP certification have demonstrated the background and knowledge to deliver world-class security management and consulting services.
Windows 10 Upgrade Professional
Configuration Windows 10 Training
Progent's Windows consulting experts can assist businesses of any size to evaluate Windows 10 or to migrate to Windows 10 from an older version of Microsoft Windows. Remote and on-premises evaluation and migration support for Microsoft Windows 10 provided by Progent's consultants include ROI analysis, project management, application and driver compatibility testing, pilot systems, virtualization strategies, Cloud and hybrid solutions, mobile management and synchronization, telecommuter access, data and identity security, automated deployment and administration, infrastructure design, wired/wireless convergence, disaster recovery planning, custom training for IT support personnel and users, and ongoing technical help.
Monitoring and Reporting On-site Technical Support
System Center MOM Consulting Services
Progent's Microsoft-certified consultants have over a decade of experience designing, implementing, optimizing and fixing SCOM environments and offer companies of all sizes advanced online or onsite consulting services for System Center 2012 Operations Manager. Progent can assist your company to plan a topology for SCOM 2012 servers that delivers the performance and availability needed to monitor your IT resources effectively, whether your infrastructure are onsite, cloud-based, or a mixed environment. Progent can also assist you to import and customize SCOM 2012 management packs based on industry best practices for monitoring network fabric as well as Microsoft and third-party applications and services. Also, Progent can provide responsive remote or onsite troubleshooting to assist you to remediate critical problems uncovered by System Center 2012 Operations Manager.
Microsoft Entra Exchange Professional
Development Firm Azure cloud migration
Progent can help companies of all sizes to move any part of their computing infrastructure to Microsoft Azure. This can streamline network administration and lower equipment investments. Azure offers a comprehensive library of public cloud services and Progent can assist you to understand the advantages and limitations of various cloud networking architectures you can use with Azure. Progent can help you manage cloud-based or hybrid cloud and local apps and resources and ensure you avoid the typical errors small organizations make when moving to a public cloud. Progent can help you to configure cloud servers on Azure Virtual Machines, utilize VHD storage with Azure Storage, handle user identity with Azure Active Directory, and create backup-and-recovery services with Azure Backup. Progent can also help you to configure firewalls and IPsec VPN connections and also to integrate Apple iOS devices and Google Android handhelds.
Engineer Linux Network Monitoring, Nagios and MRTG
Nagios Technical Support
Nagios and MRTG are powerful, Open Source monitoring tools that operate with Linux and can be used to analyze UNIX/Linux environments, Windows networks, or multi-OS environments in which the Linux OS and Microsoft Windows coexist. The Nagios monitor allows network managers to monitor network services such as POP3, HTTP, FTP, and PING. MRTG allows you to track the bandwidth through SNMP network appliances including servers, routers, and switches. Progent's network monitoring experts can show you how to utilize both these programs to streamline and repair your network.
Teams Services
Microsoft Teams with OneDrive Consultant
Progent can help your organization to design an upgrade to Teams from Skype for Business and install, administer, and troubleshoot a cloud or mixed deployment of Teams. Progent can assist you to integrate Teams with Microsoft 365 apps, Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, and your phone system.
Phone Support Troubleshooting
Remote Computer Support Engineers
For mid-size companies looking for IT consulting services, Progent offers a variety of options including on-site help, remote support, off-site Call Center, round-the-clock support with remote network monitoring, temporary staffing, site relocation support, software programming, and expert consulting. For medium-size companies in California or other regions covered by Progent's field engineers, Progent offers expert in-person help for fixing technical problems quickly and affordably.
Exchange SE Office 365 Integration Remote Technical Support
Exchange SE Microsoft 365 Integration Professional
Progent can help you in any facet of your upgrade to Exchange Server 2019 including configuring Windows Server 2019 for hosting Exchange; planning high availability architecture for an on-premises, cloud-based or hybrid deployment; migrating mailboxes; designing and implementing Hyper-V virtualization; setting up HLB; building DAG groups with MCDB caching; integrating with Skype for Business 2019 for voicemail services; setting up collaboration with SharePoint Server or SharePoint Online; updating firewalls; integration with Microsoft 365; and configuring Outlook clients.
Computer Consultants Career
Telecommuting Microsoft Consultant Remote Support Jobs
If you are an information technology engineer with system support expertise, teaming with Progent and working for our clients will expand your abilities via collaboration with Progent's staff of motivated, world-class consultants. Progent's concentration on offering network consulting and technical help to small and midsize businesses will give you the chance to work in depth with decision makers and contribute significantly to the success of dynamic companies. In addition, Progent's virtual office network offers state-of-the-art technology for off-site support and wireless connectivity to allow you to deliver speedy solutions when you take on business-critical issues.
Consult NinjaOne Server Monitoring
NinjaOne Desktop Monitoring Professionals
ProSight LAN Watch with NinjaOne RMM is Progent's network, server and endpoint remote monitoring managed service that uses state-of-the-art remote monitoring and management (RMM) techniques to help keep your IT system operating efficiently by tracking the state of critical devices.
Call Desk for Remote Workforce Online Help
Work from Home Solutions On-site Technical Support
Progent has two decades of experience helping small and mid-size companies to plan, implement, tune, administer, and troubleshoot computer networks that incorporate at-home workers.
Select Topic: